Environmental standards for SF6 gas-insulated switchgear

Release time:

2025-04-18

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Abstract

Environmental standards for SF6 gas-insulated switchgear mainly include the following aspects:
International Standards

IEC Standards: The International Electrotechnical Commission has developed numerous standards related to SF6 gas-insulated switchgear, such as "Specifications for supplementary gases used in technical grade SF6 and its mixtures for electrical equipment," "Specifications for reuse of SF6 and its mixtures in electrical equipment," and "High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 4: Procedures for handling sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and its mixtures." These standards regulate the use, reuse, and handling procedures for SF6 gas and its mixtures.
ISO Standards: The International Organization for Standardization has conducted research and standardization work on SF6/N2 environmentally friendly gas equipment. The standards it has developed have been widely adopted by many countries, including the United States, Japan, and European countries.

Domestic Standards

National Standards:
GB/T 11022-2020: Specifies the common technical requirements for high-voltage switchgear and controlgear, including the overall performance and safety requirements of SF6 gas-insulated switchgear.
GB/T 3906-2020: Specifies the technical requirements for 3.6kV~40.5kV AC metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear, applicable to the design, manufacturing, and testing of SF6 gas-insulated switchgear.
GB/T 1984-2014: Clarifies the technical requirements for AC high-voltage circuit breakers, relevant to circuit breakers in SF6 gas-insulated switchgear.
GB/T 16926-2009: Specifies the technical requirements for AC high-voltage load switch-fuse combinations, concerning the performance and safety standards of related combination electrical apparatus in SF6 gas-insulated switchgear.
GB/T 1985-2014: Specifies the technical requirements for high-voltage AC isolating switches and earthing switches, applicable to isolating switches and earthing switches in SF6 gas-insulated switchgear.
GB/T 44653-2024: This is the "Guideline for on-site recycling and reuse of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas," officially implemented from January 1, 2025. It covers the entire process management requirements and technical details of SF6 gas, from collection and purification to refilling.

Power Industry Standards:

DL/T 402-2016: Specifies the technical conditions for ordering high-voltage AC circuit breakers, setting forth requirements for the performance and parameters of circuit breakers used in SF6 gas-insulated switchgear.
DL/T 486-2021: Specifies the technical conditions for ordering high-voltage AC isolating switches and earthing switches, clarifying the relevant technical indicators and quality requirements for isolating switches and earthing switches in SF6 gas-insulated switchgear.
DL/T 403-2017: Specifies the technical conditions for ordering 12kV~40.5kV high-voltage vacuum circuit breakers, relating to the technical requirements of components such as vacuum arc-quenching chambers in SF6 gas-insulated switchgear.
DL/T 404-2018: Specifies the technical requirements for 3.6kV~40.5kV AC metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear, further detailing the requirements for performance and testing of SF6 gas-insulated switchgear.
DL/T 593-2016: Specifies the common technical requirements for standards of high-voltage switchgear and controlgear, providing a technical basis for the overall design, manufacturing, and testing of SF6 gas-insulated switchgear.

Enterprise and Group Standards:

State Grid Corporation of China has released 5 enterprise standards, including "72.5kV and above rated voltage SF6/N2 mixed gas insulated metal-enclosed switchgear," specifying the technical specifications for mixed gas GIS busbars, operation and maintenance, density relays, operation and maintenance devices, and isolating switches.
The China Electrical Engineering Society, the China Electricity Council, and others have released numerous group standards, such as "Technical specifications for SF6/N2 mixed gas humidity measurement devices," specifying the detection methods and device requirements for SF6/N2 mixed gas.

Environmental Requirements

Gas Substitution: Due to the high global warming potential of SF6 gas, the industry is actively seeking alternative gases, such as dry air, nitrogen, and C4F7N. C4F7N gas shows significant potential in insulation and breaking performance, but relevant standards are still under development.
Gas Recovery and Treatment: During the use and maintenance of SF6 gas-insulated switchgear, strict management of SF6 gas is necessary to reduce gas leakage and emissions. When equipment needs maintenance or disposal, SF6 gas should be recovered, purified, and reused according to relevant standards and regulations. For example, GB/T 44653-2024 provides detailed regulations for on-site recycling and reuse of SF6 gas.
Equipment Sealing and Leakage Detection: SF6 gas-insulated switchgear must have good sealing to prevent gas leakage from polluting the environment. Regular leakage detection should be performed on the equipment to ensure that the gas leakage rate meets relevant standard requirements. For example, GB/T 11023-2018 specifies the test method for sulfur hexafluoride gas sealing of high-voltage switchgear, used to test the sealing performance of the equipment.

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