Comparison of different structures of box-type substations

Release time:

2021-09-02

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Abstract

The box-type substations are divided into two typical styles: European box-type substations and American box-type substations, based on their structure and composition.

　　Box-type substationAccording to different structures and compositions, it is divided into two typical styles: European box-type substations and American box-type substations.

In terms of structure, the European box-type substation uses high and low voltage switchgear and transformers, which can be metaphorically described as covering the high and low voltage switchgear and transformers with a house.

Structurally, the load switch, ring network switch, and fuse are simplified into a transformer oil tank, immersed in oil. The lightning arrester also uses an oil-immersed zinc oxide arrester, and the transformer eliminates the oil cushion, exposing the oil tank and radiator to the air. This type of box-type substation is called an American box-type substation, which can be compared to hanging a box next to the transformer.

In terms of volume, the European box-type substation is larger due to the internal installation of conventional switchgear and transformers, while the American box-type substation is smaller due to integrated installation.

In terms of protection, the high voltage side of the European box-type substation uses load switches and current-limiting fuses for protection. When a single-phase fuse blows, it simultaneously disconnects the load switch using the fuse's impact pin to avoid phase loss operation. The load switch is required to have the ability to cut off transfer current. The low voltage side uses load switches and current-limiting fuses for protection. The high voltage side of the American box-type substation uses fuses for protection, with the load switch only having the function of switching on/off high voltage load current. It has a small capacity; when a single-phase fuse blows on the high voltage side, the low voltage side voltage drops, triggering undervoltage protection or overcurrent protection of the plastic shell automatic air switch, preventing low voltage operation.

In terms of product cost, European box-type substations have become expensive. In terms of product price reduction, American box-type substations still have considerable room for price reduction. On one hand, the three-phase five-column iron core of American box-type substations can be changed to a three-phase three-column iron core; on the other hand, the high voltage part of American box-type substations can be modified to move from inside the transformer oil tank to outside the oil tank, occupying space in the high voltage room.

 

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